- 机械设计手册:单行本·常用设计资料(第六版)
- 成大先主编
- 498字
- 2024-12-21 15:32:26
1.3 焊接材料及其选择
不同焊接方法采用的焊接材料及其作用
表1-4-8 不同焊接方法采用的焊接材料
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00293001.jpg?sign=1739307359-Pe15kK54j1mDxUz2rYbmWhkqYLmEIASd-0-4d359e9094b63669d0401ec70ab568e2)
表1-4-9 焊接材料在焊接过程中的作用
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00293002.jpg?sign=1739307359-gUGThEa6tibMMGFJ3doLfoOdMIknju3b-0-9bbcc51f7e9c4598017574b9e628c8ab)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00294001.jpg?sign=1739307359-SFKG03AU19ZoNOEPFnngQn4vEJggL38A-0-4443daca73ca7304c430e496a2e4018f)
注:A—主要作用;B—附带作用。
表1-4-10 焊接用钢盘条(焊芯用)牌号及其化学成分(摘自GB/T 3429—2002)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00295001.jpg?sign=1739307359-WyqcO4dBcUBnEtk9Eti2Bt2rONX8Uclp-0-f27197cafa3bbe89884a94d8fd65d4a8)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00296001.jpg?sign=1739307359-TvcIi9LrOazRcWtQbiY3tGyIj28tYVSC-0-43634df9236122bc38054059e1e28a99)
①牌号中作为残余元素的Ni、Cr、Mo、V总量应不大于0.50%。
注:本标准适用于手工电弧焊、埋弧焊、电渣焊、气焊和气体保护焊等用途的焊接用钢盘条。不适用不锈钢盘条。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00297001.jpg?sign=1739307359-jVd2ddNJBJJA8jYhvlWSgw70R0SQolWt-0-67ce0598d80d3e94362a68a0a8b6f9e5)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00298001.jpg?sign=1739307359-UX8MXsjpKI672sPsAfq2NQZ156tfQD3s-0-9bd910babf745c650351a47cfb3f9c3d)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00299001.jpg?sign=1739307359-xFhOaQeuCbujwz6qDHQ00freyLza1DPy-0-052dacf0e58433217657133aef0f18ba)
焊条、焊丝及焊剂的分类、特点和应用
表1-4-12 焊条的分类、特点和应用
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00300001.jpg?sign=1739307359-lYlASflejkvxGEXZv72m8u9GW1gFXj1k-0-bb08fe9c08fb00c1fb6d539b97365591)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00301001.jpg?sign=1739307359-jzEXJBAHY6GqaqkU2MaMTnjaCOjwMpDR-0-d02ed70df17f7548e51ee25bf0d78799)
表1-4-13 焊丝的分类、特点和应用
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00301002.jpg?sign=1739307359-mML4RztklDBYqIsxbOuufgnuWLzg48X3-0-f8972b8dde7eda555d930983009b91bb)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00302001.jpg?sign=1739307359-nvf56JZmauaBrmmVrAOBVcCf7LY3p5kW-0-f923dd939671bbb180b008801483eacd)
表1-4-14 焊剂的分类、特点和应用
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00303001.jpg?sign=1739307359-UVjXKN9aYYDthtLdBPsHQ0ri5f1TPutG-0-1f6fb2c2385f985ac20c604c786435f3)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00304001.jpg?sign=1739307359-LMmZeO6cR95q3wyi2MRI4mkgc4xguIsL-0-39a313de62e1a9ed3f6b620f0e616254)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00305001.jpg?sign=1739307359-xCX7vl1DvuzVf419obHW3sYLJT1HD9Vp-0-3d2be6738135a701ec4cbf685009fe52)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00306001.jpg?sign=1739307359-IRYZHsn5pzwyXdmLQi9s9qNd8KsWKJ8M-0-6e3ca5702fe5fd489a8fbde06f2393b2)
对焊条、焊丝及焊剂工艺性能的要求
表1-4-15 对焊条工艺性能的要求
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00307001.jpg?sign=1739307359-1WEYMV0I7DFgVyBmUlnygWVduTJStXeR-0-cadf5362fbba986da7d0278ca8ee6280)
表1-4-16 对焊剂工艺性能及质量的要求
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00308001.jpg?sign=1739307359-1ym6Gbu0l6EY9H7pSXhl6zYEAAiFPBCa-0-d6f5a585cc069a734ca20ddb553bff27)
不同药皮类型焊条工艺性等比较
表1-4-17 酸性焊条与碱性焊条性能对比
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00309001.jpg?sign=1739307359-lbUd3Dnc352iQXUoW7vr5i5BQw5pNSuu-0-3228c99176b605013f9033ed8d4e2035)
表1-4-18 各种药皮类型的结构钢焊条工艺性能
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00309002.jpg?sign=1739307359-KjjQ4qjpeiVNVFoJg76Sedlkjx2ZpCEc-0-24d981b4e05091abfc6733fadfee0e1c)
表1-4-19 各种药皮类型结构钢焊条的冶金性能
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00310001.jpg?sign=1739307359-z8OCFT3y7fu3cksNsOl4OKm053KCMfRH-0-ff0287e37aa74b0e38c3bf7c9dc73a18)
选择焊条的基本原则
表1-4-20 同类钢材焊接时选择焊条原则
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00311001.jpg?sign=1739307359-MAHZ99p3eERG7Zosd5kiAuvdYhbyWQKJ-0-08965c565fafc404e03c3671f1bbbd9d)
表1-4-21 异种钢、复合钢板焊接时选择焊条原则
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00311002.jpg?sign=1739307359-YJGCCvYU0BQtP9vJB8TBVJ4aUv2rRlTa-0-755fd861c2e4517ea66940f01597080f)
表1-4-22 焊丝选用要点
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00312001.jpg?sign=1739307359-kECGWW6KlIhBd1WbeHt4gWCb9DCt68ga-0-78b93a69561603b7a9e14d3c033f5068)
几种常用钢材的焊条选择举例
表1-4-23
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00312002.jpg?sign=1739307359-oXQVCxLpZHNI21OdA8Aa7CnRPAGnA3ao-0-2e3fbbdedb9d50fd1c293ef5169ddcbc)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00313001.jpg?sign=1739307359-jtoM6yw9LsqfQ7xlIXSqctmuNVyxoWNo-0-65f5e7dbcf13b534b8f23c82119d2f38)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00314001.jpg?sign=1739307359-HCdARL5pOIHgxShLBFoaiPPrUNyQgNpC-0-16e70313d5c2e00061eaab24c0f4ab9f)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00315001.jpg?sign=1739307359-aIuHDcYTCg22VmvCElVyz0w7CLMbW763-0-16cf30f1eecea012c5c736082c0550b6)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00316001.jpg?sign=1739307359-R9JKbL6YqCMUH1gnNjzO91NEGTF2zKvo-0-56c127490ac515c301d7a61e63b89863)
几种常用钢材埋弧焊焊剂与焊丝的选配举例
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00317001.jpg?sign=1739307359-xenHuI99dBLxXGYghqg78cHW5DfV5z0H-0-93bbab5f8855b8c1785222f9c39fe5a9)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00318001.jpg?sign=1739307359-cqKbYbwImGF4EzOc3cdLanNikrcOR6N3-0-a67225677be4906f2ed584e008018571)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00319001.jpg?sign=1739307359-ufS0aeNTkLuHNHDWzSYTBAKXstVb5mat-0-66c5140b09957a23f5fedce667610c8a)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00320001.jpg?sign=1739307359-WZ6HADcACwDLrtDwGeyUQHHqK42OTR0p-0-7d0228a9f608ddc971f71b68e589d47a)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00321001.jpg?sign=1739307359-L8RHUK4eSH2gfuTP5HOLXTo4wo03Auy1-0-615c72c4064fa22f70b2b30819e6b46c)
焊条的型号和牌号示例
表1-4-25 国标焊条类型及型号(一)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00322001.jpg?sign=1739307359-L7rUNQBroFL8wpTm2rcU8FJb3JDwI4yo-0-99fb7b54c0407dfa8b51f874ccbca20f)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00323001.jpg?sign=1739307359-T2wvN9GKNDOzGlnYndeGkCQGW2ozaWmq-0-79137ed6a1b9ea5e234d0ea8d55891b3)
表1-4-26 国标焊条类型及型号(二)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00324001.jpg?sign=1739307359-OjxEFGsZHA7Bf4Vx8owsdGngDzSvtZXw-0-455113c0019001b36404d6a589104117)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00325001.jpg?sign=1739307359-D6r1OOd9YfFqfEOs0hdqetmsH98OtqwP-0-6e7e6e61c69714a9a12e7b7aaae6c5aa)
表1-4-27 焊丝类别及型号意义
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00325002.jpg?sign=1739307359-CEvD0kcZidva40qpWw5ub7ZifSjLNBsi-0-20897066a3992f859d73e076ad0ae05d)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00326001.jpg?sign=1739307359-ICp9fgO271VoqawP408SC8qiZoLXEAkj-0-a6c0b1f8c47fb4ebaec1c830f87fb9ab)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00327001.jpg?sign=1739307359-ZTt7Cz16kuCu3zMpLonK4TR6sTiB2zxo-0-2bfd5591f0c50365e08d1de200e946fe)
焊条、焊丝和焊剂
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00328001.jpg?sign=1739307359-fBIwfKiPSkACQEx4a239XUPxsOcOTZ61-0-c67726e033132d7c9dcb9e1727bbb4c7)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00329001.jpg?sign=1739307359-NV23VQ2HPadIcyM8gWHI4wvG1VxbJeDV-0-b1bbdd4f487f62df85b044bac29410d5)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00330001.jpg?sign=1739307359-SRXIP1q75EbAPcm2E13LNGYisQYUohsX-0-88f946cb46bb66d903975c2da41c16b6)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00331001.jpg?sign=1739307359-vgsM24YCrpq78HlW8TJLXaX79O4m6XZX-0-c7daaa7d2b664b9e7c9a3b9061c1fbe0)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00332001.jpg?sign=1739307359-bYEuXgARK5XHguYyebOkRjIBXpaBYF3j-0-0113ce6d572735aca4f713de6d780f51)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00333001.jpg?sign=1739307359-v04LpyImioPq13BYAvUX3tZ4AqDOjRhS-0-3d8b2226067688364ee58cb59908b980)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00334001.jpg?sign=1739307359-5vNhNTT68qIvmnDX9Nwpk7aT3hX0VWiq-0-8a20c1efccfad7a594e66922fb0f8237)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00335001.jpg?sign=1739307359-R1olUaybGV42dbiQuFXJ2pDjTByLdRJ7-0-88a319e82f3a88612b3d081dcbff8422)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00336001.jpg?sign=1739307359-G3BXt7GZNC3UHU51wZvLQHOXoBdEHuBG-0-8fa41fb3ad0b83dab78d17c5f476c526)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00337001.jpg?sign=1739307359-XGiIVkmp7OnA4eemHw1Lqh3bXUUN0ssE-0-8107ea6541bcba2201e438949cbcdd7e)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00338001.jpg?sign=1739307359-HySzzmgpBqNrxzIPS8Rswjb3Xyc0F36V-0-9cdb4e0826a2b2cc47623c6af1cdb630)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00339001.jpg?sign=1739307359-nYJE3G7JE5TqJUPgeB4vWvUbPv0Zmw3W-0-090ceebc2f9c30bcf4a0682563739a4b)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00340001.jpg?sign=1739307359-leIT6s4TfH4QMFqnL02G25cKnejkpkCE-0-1f6ef690b936c1ab151c4610f445341b)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00341001.jpg?sign=1739307359-kyi9HKS8xRaCqF63E5mu73qHNt9pTQ3T-0-6ad222c10a4cfee524aad43e64ef6e9f)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00342001.jpg?sign=1739307359-2S7biSDJurq5xiAcYx5MYSbwhKpyrLK7-0-d6f512381251d8cd49e05d3b952acca7)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00343001.jpg?sign=1739307359-Mka6HyaB6hK3LDfwpiTMQXRgOkyZktU0-0-8b73178bfde5c716ea21a0ab0f65e9c5)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00344001.jpg?sign=1739307359-DYz3c7CSka19arME4gN49HmD8bl1pASo-0-cf9d1661af3249e132c9fb155aa27d03)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00345001.jpg?sign=1739307359-ijk0ix8xI3lF5tWGUfq69RBDcNmHfeFH-0-461a9facc027e5d5257b2c6a98f39bda)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00346001.jpg?sign=1739307359-PA7J7EkgZVZEXiEz8U1sl5rx5HT7qBWR-0-e516a4f4c221f825033fef0f43f3ae38)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00347001.jpg?sign=1739307359-NpZua9NXsEJopa32RXhd9lBIGSEkehSh-0-52c2a75b01621d76b9b7ac0a0bc3f4ef)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00348001.jpg?sign=1739307359-986D6uMJFHMTDJkAE8xtH5HKTf61OA4x-0-53a5f4e579be6ff0e778f08c4930495a)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00349001.jpg?sign=1739307359-NdqRwFgG6LnP2YdntzqXdu3cYGuTyTbe-0-49b448f96d396731956f8f5081cb0a0b)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00350001.jpg?sign=1739307359-2YdEniqKJYBigec9Z1TzNgXg6YnVa92i-0-4c88743bcdbcad1283d981e547d9f674)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00351001.jpg?sign=1739307359-z06ZBK4sEgdyoJqpW1W3H4WLmcae3m6g-0-cf256a1a2aeeace5d611b71ed6ee2959)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00352001.jpg?sign=1739307359-kV76vJ6m8KdHP44v6AnlCeuoMc4d0Awi-0-f42a323e4fea3e394a23323ec3ddd81c)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00353001.jpg?sign=1739307359-ONPykqxxERZEQQv9o8ZEv5vE5jggSk90-0-4944c25ec336035331bf58aa5685b5a7)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00354001.jpg?sign=1739307359-qKCcFxYvkB5FCxNfoSebsnlH9qHVPnwD-0-03cd706ca41b1e7ffbb5326877f302ea)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00355001.jpg?sign=1739307359-jVMpqE1wEiaGkMRmCBkPuXENWLgFVwiL-0-35890ac72eb41d531690d12c212753a0)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00356001.jpg?sign=1739307359-8T9Qua515oxp2huoJgAoV4veJ4JiyHHs-0-f8eeb9b36a53b08a6264188156c58a97)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00357001.jpg?sign=1739307359-QHo12S8YCVnBSwOwBbTi52nDmJ1q34bp-0-da368e00ef6807e3934fd8d4ccf20624)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00358001.jpg?sign=1739307359-AlKsVgnoGCAbHcqi4Tlso8WzBJeEu9M0-0-efc17b540d5a67d2c1914009d7454dca)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00359001.jpg?sign=1739307359-9UeQs5rYUlfidJWsOtmSwfCpKxkzKA85-0-c7dafbef9e84401ca41f72a8a43ff638)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00360001.jpg?sign=1739307359-h4MyNbyQmx65f7Bx1aCW0dC0KWtYbHjf-0-4da83a755b2ef64baafce1c92a0769f7)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00361001.jpg?sign=1739307359-mUToUbbSTeNbXnSVDshfTGpcsi0qMINQ-0-81fadf037e3ad86a42f63ff3403aceb1)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00362001.jpg?sign=1739307359-i0ptU2u1JtoMCd10G11knzOz5f8TVY0T-0-79a4a55da9457b49e2e85dbe718099d0)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00363001.jpg?sign=1739307359-nLB5VXdU9kCKvrCX3M2FYzzWSuYXh8VF-0-9a5379d9624d5900d76648110a3b8c8f)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00364001.jpg?sign=1739307359-WuD4r6HlmhhsHEqtiH9aTObbPXuFr1ke-0-755864dfca7267ff9c868a7a6b19fc0e)
表1-4-31 焊剂的类型及用途(参考)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00365001.jpg?sign=1739307359-tmYBTlJmf1oXlqbytFhfoqe6VrRMYzKP-0-7a08eaf3916ca10feb69371c4d784bbf)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/2456E1/16499785105920306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00366001.jpg?sign=1739307359-HZm6p4uuIwuqpVbmg2lmnzMWIwUYXYne-0-6a12da19f98ccacc640dcac9cd5b476d)